states of matter

 


STATES OF MATTER : 

We use to observe that the matter will be in three states.  They are solid state, liquid state, and gaseous state. The state can be changed with the effect of pressure and temperature.  The temperature can be increased by increasing heat energy.  Heat energy is a different energy from other types of energies since, the heat is transmitted from higher temperature body to lower temperature body.  Whereas, the temperature is the intensity of the heat energy.  For example, when we touch an object, if we feel it is cold, the meaning is that the person who touched the object, the heat energy is transmitted from him/her to the object, then we feel very cool.  When we gain certain heat energy, we feel more hot.  In this way, the heat energy is the energy which is transferred only due to the differences in the temperatures or different intensities of heat energy.

SOLID STATE OF THE MATTER

If we observe, an ice cube, the water is in solid state.  In any solid state of a matter, the molecules or atoms are very close and we don't observe any space between each atoms.  There is no enough space between the atoms, there is a strong attractive force present between them.  No other particle can place in between the atoms of the solid substances.   

Due to these properties, solids have a definite shape, definite volume, definite mass.

LIQUID STATE OF THE MATTER

Water is an example for liquid state of the matter.  Liquids do not have a definite shape, but they posses definite volume.  Liquid state can be achieved by heating a solid state of the matter.  As we are increasing the temperature by supplying the heat energy, the atoms are going away from each other and they acquire space in between the atoms.  Hence, the strength of attraction is decreased, we can add some particles like sugar in between the atoms of the liquid. So, there is no definite shape.

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GASEOUS STATE OF THE MATTER

Water vapor is an example of the gaseous state of the matter, the atoms are very far away from each other, there is a lot of gap between the particles.  These gaseous particles move very easily and they can be compressed easily.  We can compress a large volume of gas in a cylinder.