🧪 Virtual Acid–Base Titration Laboratory
Class X Physical Science | Acids, Bases and Salts
🎯 Learning Objectives
- Understand the principle of acid–base titration.
- Understand the role of an indicator.
- Identify the end point of a titration.
- Determine the volume of alkali required for neutralisation.
- Understand the relationship between concentration and volume.
- Observe the titration curve.
⚙️ Experiment Setup
🔬 Virtual Titration Laboratory
Volume of NaOH added
0.0 mL
0 mL
25 mL
50 mL
pH:
—
Add sodium hydroxide gradually.
📊 Titration Information
| Quantity | Value |
|---|---|
| HCl concentration | 0.100 M |
| HCl volume | 25.0 mL |
| NaOH concentration | 0.100 M |
| NaOH added | 0.0 mL |
| Equivalence volume | 25.0 mL |
| Current pH | — |
📈 Titration Curve
X-axis: Volume of NaOH added (mL) | Y-axis: pH
📝 Observation Table
| NaOH Added (mL) | pH | Solution Nature | Indicator Observation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No observations yet. | |||
📚 Principle of Acid–Base Titration
Acid–base titration is a quantitative technique used to
determine the concentration of an acid or base by allowing it
to react with a solution of known concentration.
In this virtual experiment:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
At the equivalence point, the amount of H⁺ supplied by the acid is chemically equivalent to the amount of OH⁻ supplied by the base.
In this virtual experiment:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
At the equivalence point, the amount of H⁺ supplied by the acid is chemically equivalent to the amount of OH⁻ supplied by the base.
🧮 Titration Calculation
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
For the reaction HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O, the mole ratio is 1 : 1. Therefore:
M(HCl) × V(HCl) = M(NaOH) × V(NaOH)
The calculated equivalence volume is displayed automatically above.
🧑🔬 Student Virtual Activity
- Prepare the virtual burette with NaOH.
- Place HCl in the conical flask.
- Select phenolphthalein as the indicator.
- Add NaOH gradually.
- Observe the colour of the solution.
- Watch the pH change.
- Identify the equivalence point.
- Record the titration data.
- Study the titration curve.
🧠 Test Your Knowledge
What is the end point in an acid–base titration?
🎓 Learning Outcome
After completing this virtual experiment, students will be able to explain acid–base titration, understand the role of an indicator, identify the end point and equivalence point, perform titration calculations and interpret a titration curve.
0 comments:
Post a Comment